Lalbagh Kella
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The Lalbagh Fort was developed by Shaista Khan.Lalbagh Fort (Bengali: লালবাগ দূর্গ) (also known as "Fort Aurangabad") is an unfinished Mughal palace stronghold at the Buriganga River in the southwestern part of Dhaka, Bangladesh. building was commenced in 1678 by Prince Muhammad Azam throughout his 15-month long vice-royalty of Bengal, but before the work could complete, he was recalled by Aurangzeb. His successor, Shaista Khan, did not complete the work, though he stayed in Dhaka up to 1688. His daughter Iran Dukht nick named pari bibi (Fairy Lady) died here in 1684 also this led him to consider the fort to be ominous.
Lalbagh Fort is also the observer of the revolution of the native soldiers beside the British during the Great Rebellion of 1857. As in the Red Fort in India, they were overcome by the force led by the East India Company. They as well as the soldiers who fled from Meerat were hanged to death at the Victoria Park. In 1858 the statement of Queen Victoria of taking over the organizational control of India from the Company was read out at the Victoria park, latter renamed Bahadur Shah Park after the name of the last Mughal Emperor who led that greatest rebellion beside then British domain.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Layout of fort
o 1.1 Gateways
o 1.2 Southern fortification wall
o 1.3 Central area
o 1.4 Diwan-i-Aam o 1.5 Tomb of Bibi Pari
* 2 Gallery
* 3 References
* 4 External links
[edit] Layout of fort
Lalbagh fort along with the Tomb of Pari Bibi
The fort was long considered to be a grouping of three buildings:
* the mosque;
* the tomb of Bibi Pari; and
* the Diwan-i-Aam, comprising two gateways and a portion of the partly damaged defense wall.
· Recent excavations carried out by the Department of Archaeology of Bangladesh, however, they have revealed the existence of other structures, and it is now possible to have a more or less complete picture of the fort.
In the in attendance fort area of 18 acres (73,000 m²), excavations have revealed the remains of either 26 or 27 structures, with elaborate arrangements for water supply, sewerage, roof gardens, and fountains. restoration work by the Archaeology Department has now put Lalbagh Fort in a much-improved shape, and it has now become an interesting spot for tourists and visitors.
[edit] Gateways
1814 painting by Charles D'Oyly showing the South wall, beside the Buriganga River. Now, the river flows at least a mile to the south.
Of the three surviving gateways, the southern one is the most impressive. Seen from the front, it is a three-storeyed arrangement with a front-on, bordered with slender minarets. From inside, it gives the impression of a two-storeyed structure. The gateway on the northeast is a much smaller and simpler structure. Structural evidence indicates that the fort extended to the eastern side, beyond the present Shaista Khan Road. The third gate, now in the centre of the northern boundary wall, was left incomplete. The present one is a recent building.
Southern fortification wallThe southern defense wall, running westward from the South Gateway, stretches up to the huge bastion in the southwestern corner of the fort. It runs northward for a distance, and is then lost. The boundary wall on the eastern side, connecting the southern and northern gateways, is a modern wall, and it is now unspecified that the fort originally embraced areas further east, beyond the present Shaista Khan Road. h
On the northern side of the southern defense are placed utility buildings, such as the stable, the administrative block, and its western part accommodates a beautiful roof-garden, with arrangements for fountains and a water reservoir. The residential part is located on the eastern side of the western defense, mainly to the south-west of the mosque, where the remains of a sewerage line have been found.
The southern defense is a twin wall:
* the outer one is about 6.10 m high and 1.37 m thick; and
* the inner one is 13.7 m high with same thickness.
The two are solid up to a height of 6.10 m, and there are regular openings in the upper part of the inner wall.
The original defense wall on the south has five bastions at regular intervals, and the western wall has two. Among the seven bastions, the biggest one is near the main southern gate at the back of the stable, which occupies the area to the west of the gateway. The bastion has an subversive tunnel. Among the five bastions of the southern fortification, the central one is single-storeyed, while the rest are double-storeyed structures. The central one contains an subversive room with verandahs on three sides, and it can be approached either from the waterside or from its roof. The double-storeyed bastion at the southwestern corner of the fort is possibly a Hawakhana, with a water reservoir on its roof.Two lines of earth pipes have been found that connect all the establishments of the fort with the reservoir. An extra-strong terracotta pipe line, made with double pipes (one inside the other), has been exposed in the area between the Hammam and the tomb of Bibi Pari.
Rooftop garden
The area westwards from the stable, parallel to the southern fortification, once had a beautiful roof garden with fountain, rose, flower beds (marked with star designs), and a water reservoir. The buildings below contains the administrative blocks, with the residential part on the western side. Central area
Exhibit at the museum inside Lalbagh Fort.
The central area of the fort is occupied by three buildings:
* the Diwan-i-Aam and the Hammam on its east;
* the mosque on the west; and
* the tomb of Pari Bibi in among the two (in one line, but not at equal distance).
The mosque is a three-domed mosque, with a water tank in face (on the eastern side) for ablution.A water channel, with fountains at regular interval, connects the three buildings from east to west, and two similar channels run from south to north:
* one through the middle of the ground, in between the Diwan-i-Aam and the tomb, forming a square tank, with fountains at the intersection with the east-west channel; and
* the other, from the water reservoir, passing through the bottom of the tomb.
The water channels and the fountains, a very common aspect of Mughal architecture, create an feeling, not unlike those of the north Indian Mughal forts. A big square water tank (71.63 m each side), placed in face of and to the east of the Diwan-i-Aam, between the southern along with northern gateways, adds to the beauty of the building. There are four corner stairs to tumble into the tank.
Diwan-i-Ajam
The double-storeyed Diwan-i-Aam, attached with a single-storeyed Hammam on its west, is an imposing building. The Hammam complex includes an open platform, a small kitchen, an oven, water storage area, a masonry brick bath-tub, a toilet, a dressing room and an extra room. The Hammam section has an underground room for boiling water, and a passage for sweepers. A long screen wall runs north-south along the western frontage of the Hammam, dividing the whole fort area into two divisions.
Tomb of Bibi Pari
The tomb of Bibi Pari, located in the center, is the most remarkable of the surviving buildings of the fort. Eight rooms surround a central square room that contains the mortal remains of Bibi Pari. The central room is sheltered by a false octagonal-shaped dome, wrapped by a bronze plate.
The entire inner wall of the central room is enclosed with white marble, while the four rooms at the sides had stone skirting up to a altitude of one metre. The walls in the rooms at the four corners are skirted with beautifully-glazed floral tiles. The tiles have recently been restored; two of the original tiles have been retained. The room at the south eastern corner contains a small grave, popularly known to be of that of Shamsad Begum, possibly a relative of Bibi Pari.
The archaeological excavations have also revealed strata of the Sultanate, as well as of the pre-Muslim periods, from where terracotta heads and plaques have been found. Thus, it is now justified to say that though the Mughals founded Dhaka, it was definitely occupied long before the Muslims came to Bengal.
Mosque at Lalbagh Fort
Inside Lalbagh Fort-2.jpg
[edit] References * Taifoor, S.M. Glimpses of Old Dacca. Dhaka, 1956.
* Ahmed, Nazimuddin. Discover The Monuments of Bangladesh Dhaka: University Press Limited.1984
* Hasan, Syed Mahmudul Muslim Monuments of Bangladesh Dhaka: Anjuman Printing Press.1980
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lalbagh Kella (Lalbagh Fort)
* A picture gallery and a brief history of Lalbagh Fort.
* A brief history and explanation of Lalbagh Fort.
* Lalbagh, Bangalore
